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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmrs</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический сборник Российского морского регистра судоходства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Research Bulletin by Russian Maritime Register of Shipping</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-7097</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российский морской регистр судоходства</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">FYUGRY</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmrs-125</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ НА МОРСКОМ ТРАНСПОРТЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SEA TRANSPORT ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективы развития флота наливных судов для обеспечения круглогодичной навигации по Северному морскому пути</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prospects for the development of the tanker fleet for year-round navigation via the Northern Sea Route</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Линник</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Linnik</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант</p><p>190121, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Лоцманская, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD student</p><p>190121, St. Petersburg, Lotsmanskaya ul., 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zjillz@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суслов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suslov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д-р техн. наук, профессор</p><p>190121, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Лоцманская, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc, Professor</p><p>190121, St. Petersburg, Lotsmanskaya ul., 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">suslov-smtu@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный морской технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>79</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Линник Е.Ю., Суслов А.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Линник Е.Ю., Суслов А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Linnik E.Y., Suslov A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sbornik.rs-class.org/jour/article/view/125">https://sbornik.rs-class.org/jour/article/view/125</self-uri><abstract><p>В условиях изменения маршрутов поставки арктической нефти, вызванного геополитическими факторами, значительно возросла актуальность развития Северного морского пути как круглогодичной транспортной артерии. Целью исследования является оценка влияния ледового класса судов и условий их эксплуатации на экономические показатели транспортировки нефти по Северному морскому пути. Методы исследования основаны на математическом моделировании годовой эксплуатации наливных судов. Новизна исследования заключается в учете сценариев ледовых условий, а также в сравнительном анализе перевозок с перевалкой и без нее. В статье представлена модель годовой эксплуатации наливных судов ледовых классов для транспортировки нефти в Азию, учитывающая ледовые и навигационные условия, характеристики маршрута и скоростные параметры судов. На основе модели рассчитаны эксплуатационные затраты на транспортировку нефти по Северному морскому пути наливными судами всех арктических ледовых классов, а также конвенциональными судами по Южному морскому пути. Определены капитальные затраты на постройку наливных судов, полная мощность, а также затрачиваемая мощность в зависимости от условий эксплуатации. Все расчетные значения получены на основе реалистичных входных данных с учетом перспективных изменений в судоходстве. Сравнительный анализ результатов расчета показал, что транспортировка с перевалкой оказывается более эффективной преимущественно для судов высоких ледовых классов, увеличивая количество доставок груза судами ледовых классов Arc7 — Arc9 в среднем на 40 % в оптимистическом и базовом сценариях ледовых условий, а в пессимистическом — на 20 — 30 %. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при обосновании решений о пополнении флота и выборе оптимальных схем транспортировки нефти в условиях изменчивой ледовой обстановки в Арктике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the context of changing arctic oil supply routes due to geopolitical factors, the importance of developing the Northern Sea Route as a year-round transportation artery has significantly increased. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of ice class and operational conditions of vessels on the economic performance of oil transportation via the Northern Sea Route. The research methods are based on mathematical modeling of the annual operation of tankers. The novelty of the study lies in the consideration of ice condition scenarios, as well as in the comparative analysis of transportation with and without transshipment. This article presents a model for the annual operation of ice-class tankers transporting oil to Asia, considering ice and navigational conditions, route characteristics, and vessel speed parameters. Based on the model, operating costs for oil transportation via the Northern Sea Route using tankers of all arctic ice classes, as well as conventional vessels via the Southern Sea Route, have been calculated. Capital costs for the construction of tankers, total installed power, and power consumption under various operating conditions have also been determined. All calculated values are derived from realistic input data, taking into account prospective changes in shipping. A comparative analysis of the calculation results showed that transportation with transshipment is generally more efficient for high ice-class vessels, increasing the number of cargo deliveries by Arc7 — Arc9 ice-class vessels by an average of 40 % under optimistic and baseline ice condition scenarios, and by 20 — 30 % under the pessimistic scenario. The obtained results can support decision-making on fleet replenishment and the selection of optimal oil transportation schemes under changing ice conditions in the Arctic.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Северный морской путь</kwd><kwd>транспортировка нефти</kwd><kwd>круглогодичная навигация</kwd><kwd>математическая модель</kwd><kwd>экономическая эффективность</kwd><kwd>ледовый класс</kwd><kwd>наливное судно</kwd><kwd>перевалка нефти</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Northern Sea Route</kwd><kwd>oil transportation</kwd><kwd>year-round navigation</kwd><kwd>mathematical model</kwd><kwd>economic efficiency</kwd><kwd>ice class</kwd><kwd>tanker</kwd><kwd>oil transshipment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Как вырос экспорт российской нефти и СПГ. 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